Annex 2: Data Layers

Data layers used for the Integrated Spatial Planning project to support implementation of the KMGBF.

Note

The input data layer list may differ between countries depending on the input data's native resolution -- relative to country and planning unit size -- as well as priority policy targets.

Planning Features

The following tables detail all planning features used in ELSA analysis, organized by theme and KMGBF target:

Biodiversity Planning Features

Layer Name	KMGBF Target	Source	UNBL map view
Intact Ecosystems	Target 1	Beyer et al., 2020	View
High Integrity Forests	Target 1	Hansen et al., 2019; Grantham et al., 2020	View
Biodiversity Habitat Index	Target 1	Harwood et al., 2022	View
Biodiversity Intactness Index	Target 1	Tim Newbold et al., 2016	View
Critical Connectivity Corridors	Target 2	Strassburg et al., 2020	N/A
Biodiversity Restoration Potential	Target 2	Newbold et al., 2016; UNEP-WCMC, 2020	View
Agricultural Areas of Global Significance for Restoration	Target 2	Bernardo et al., 2020	View
Threatened Ecosystems for Restoration	Target 2	Beyer et al., 2020; Keith et al., 2022	View
Underrepresented Ecosystems	Target 3	Beyer et al., 2020; Keith et al., 2022; UNEP-WCMC & IUCN, 2022	View
Threatened Ecosystems for Protection	Target 3	Beyer et al., 2020; Keith et al., 2022	View
Key Biodiversity Areas	Target 3	Birdlife International, 2021	View
Alliance for Zero Extinction Sites	Target 4	Birdlife International, 2021	View
Threatened Species Richness	Target 4	UNEP-WCMC, 2020	View
Rarity Weighted Richness	Target 4	UNEP-WCMC, 2020	View
Pesticide Risk	Target 7	Tang et al., 2021	View

Climate Planning Features

Layer Name	KMGBF Target	Source	UNBL map view
Climate Refugia - Bioclimatic Ecosystem Resilience Index	Target 8	Harwood et al., 2022	View
Biomass Carbon Density	Target 8	García-Rangel, S. et al. In prep.	View
Irrecoverable Carbon	Target 8	Noon et al., 2022	View
Vulnerable Soil Organic Carbon Density	Target 8	García-Rangel, S. et al. In prep.	View
Potential Increase in SOC on Croplands	Target 8	Zomer et al., 2017	View
Drought Abatement Opportunities	Target 11	Carrão et al., 2016	N/A
Flood Abatement Opportunities	Target 11	Tellman et al., 2021; Didan & Kamel, 2015; Linke et al., 2019	N/A

Human Well-being Planning Features

Layer Name	KMGBF Target	Source	UNBL map view
Realized Clean Water Supply Areas	Target 7	Mulligan, 2019	View
Agricultural Yield Gap	Target 10	Mueller et al., 2012	N/A
Agricultural Climate Stress	Target 10	Zabel et al., 2014	View
Productive Managed Forests	Target 10	Lesiv et al., 2020; Running et al., 2019	View
Wetlands and Ramsar Sites	Target 11	Gumbricht et al., 2017; Wetlands International/Ramsar, 2022	View
Mangroves	Target 11	Bunting et al., 2018	View
Potential Clean Water Provision	Target 11	Mulligan, 2019	View
Urban Greening Opportunities	Target 12	Karra K et al., 2021; Didan & Kamel, 2015; Tuholske et al., 2021	View

Lock-in and Zoning Layers

Lock-in Restrictions

Layer Name	Purpose	Source	UNBL map view
Existing Protected Areas	Lock-in for protection zones	UNEP-WCMC & IUCN, 2025	View

Zoning Constraints

Layer Name	Purpose	Source	UNBL map view
Human Footprint	Determine action zone eligibility	Williams et al., 2020	View
Managed Forests	Define management zone boundaries	Lesiv et al., 2020; Running et al., 2024	View
Agriculture areas	Exclude from protection zones	Esri, 2024	View
Pasturelands	Define eligible areas for restoration	Parente et al., 2024	N/A
Urban areas	Define urban greening opportunities	Esri, 2024	View